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Porous Tungsten Nitride: A Sensitive SERS Substrate with High Stability.

Wenxin Zhu1, Linchangqing Yang2, Tao Li2

  • 1School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|May 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Porous tungsten nitride (WN) synthesized from W18O49 nanowires serves as a novel substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy detection. This material demonstrates exceptional sensitivity and stability, even in harsh conditions, outperforming traditional substrates.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • The performance of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection is highly dependent on the properties of the Raman scattering substrate.
  • Traditional substrates like noble metals and semiconductors have limitations in stability and sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize porous tungsten nitride (WN) nanostructures for SERS applications.
  • To evaluate the SERS performance and stability of the synthesized WN substrates.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of porous WN using W18O49 ultrafine nanowire bundles as precursors via nitriding treatment.
  • Characterization of WN properties, including localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and resonance peak.
  • Testing WN substrates for the detection of typical dyes, specifically R6G, to determine sensitivity and enhancement factor.

Main Results:

  • Porous WN exhibits strong LSPR in the visible region with a peak at 672 nm.
  • WN substrates show significant Raman enhancement signals for dye detection.
  • Achieved a lowest detectable concentration of 1 × 10^-10 M for R6G with a maximum enhancement factor of 1.62 × 10^7.
  • Demonstrated outstanding corrosion and oxidation resistance, maintaining detection performance in harsh environments.

Conclusions:

  • Porous WN is a promising material for SERS detection due to its strong LSPR and excellent stability.
  • WN substrates offer superior performance and robustness compared to traditional noble metal and semiconductor Raman substrates.