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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Regional terms describe anatomy by dividing the body parts into different regions that contain structures involved in contributing similar functions. Using these terms helps increase the accurate description and identification of the particular region of interest or region affected by the disease.
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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Updated: May 15, 2025

Chronic Post-Ischemia Pain Model for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type-I in Rats
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Multi-regional sequential pain syndrome.

Xiao Yang1, Kai-Jun Zhao1, Jian-Min Liu2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Neurology
|May 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces Multi-regional Sequential Pain Syndrome (MRSPS) and links it to vertebral artery dissection. Treating this dissection effectively resolved hypoperfusion and pain symptoms.

Keywords:
cryptogenic vertebral artery dissectionhypoperfusionmulti-regional sequential pain syndromepainvertigo

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Multi-regional Sequential Pain Syndrome (MRSPS) is a novel clinical entity.
  • Hypoperfusion and cryptogenic vertebral artery dissection (CVAD) are potential factors in MRSPS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define MRSPS.
  • To investigate the relationship between hypoperfusion, CVAD, and MRSPS.
  • To evaluate treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A 59-year-old female patient with chronic MRSPS underwent comprehensive neuroimaging (CTA, MRI, DSA, CT perfusion, DCE-CT).
  • Cryptogenic vertebral artery dissection (CVAD) was identified.
  • Treatment involved CVAD repair with stent implantation.

Main Results:

  • Post-intervention, hypoperfusion resolved completely.
  • The patient experienced full resolution of pain and vertigo.
  • Neurological recovery was complete, with a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • CVAD is a significant cause of brain hypoperfusion in MRSPS.
  • Repair of CVADs is an effective treatment for alleviating MRSPS symptoms.