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Updated: May 15, 2025
Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection
Published on: October 11, 2014
Phaeohyphomycosis in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Case Series
Nishantan Thamotharan1, Vengatachalapathy P2, Arthipriya Kumaravel2
1Dermatology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND.
Abstract:
Phaeohyphomycosis is a rare subcutaneous fungal infection caused by dematiaceous fungi, commonly presenting as cystic swellings or subcutaneous abscesses. These infections predominantly affect immunocompromised individuals, including transplant recipients, due to impaired cell-mediated immunity, which plays a crucial role in fungal defense. We report three cases of post-renal transplant phaeohyphomycosis, presenting within six to 12 months post transplant. The diagnosis was based on clinical features and potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount findings showing pigmented septate hyphae. Histopathological examination of skin biopsy with Gomori methenamine silver stain confirmed pigmented hyphae, and culture identified Phialophora verrucosa. Treatment included surgical excision of lesions combined with oral itraconazole and voriconazole.
Insights
Phaeohyphomycosis, a rare fungal infection, can affect kidney transplant recipients. Early diagnosis via KOH mounts and biopsy, followed by surgical excision and antifungal medication, is key for successful treatment.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Dermatology
- Transplant Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Phaeohyphomycosis is a rare subcutaneous fungal infection caused by dematiaceous fungi.
- It predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly transplant recipients, due to impaired cell-mediated immunity.
Observation:
- Three cases of post-renal transplant phaeohyphomycosis are reported, occurring 6-12 months after transplantation.
- Clinical presentation included cystic swellings and subcutaneous abscesses.
Findings:
- Diagnosis was confirmed by potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount showing pigmented septate hyphae.
- Histopathology and culture identified *Phialophora verrucosa* as the causative agent.
- Treatment involved surgical excision of lesions combined with oral itraconazole and voriconazole.
Implications:
- This case series highlights the importance of considering phaeohyphomycosis in transplant recipients with subcutaneous lesions.
- Prompt diagnosis and combination therapy (surgical and antifungal) are crucial for managing these infections.
