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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

210
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
210
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

202
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
202
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

157
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

270
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
270
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

123
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
123
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

786
Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Updated: May 15, 2025

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Coal mining as a risk factor for tuberculosis - Commodity or circumstance?

Nevadna Singh1, Elvis M Irusen1

  • 1Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
|May 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) incidence in South African coal mines dramatically decreased by over 70% following active case-finding and treatment interventions. Socioeconomic factors and comorbidities, not just coal exposure, are key drivers of TB risk in mining communities.

Keywords:
coal miningoccupational diseasepneumoconiosispulmonary diseasetuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The association between mining and tuberculosis (TB) is established, particularly in South Africa.
  • The specific pathophysiological link between coal mining and TB requires further elucidation, with many studies citing association over causality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of targeted interventions on TB incidence in South African coal mines.
  • To explore the underlying factors contributing to TB risk in coal mining populations.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a focused intervention program involving active case-finding and treatment within coal mines.
  • Comparative analysis of TB incidence rates before and after the intervention, against historical and national figures.

Main Results:

  • A significant reduction in TB incidence, exceeding 70%, was observed in the coal mines post-intervention.
  • The post-intervention TB incidence was substantially lower than historical rates and the national average.

Conclusions:

  • Active case-finding and treatment are highly effective in reducing TB incidence in coal mining settings.
  • Socioeconomic factors and comorbidities, in addition to coal exposure, are critical drivers of TB risk and require focused attention alongside screening.