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Predictive Value of Serum β2-Microglobulin for 28-Day Mortality in Sepsis Patients in the Emergency Department
Xiangqun Zhang1,2, Long Yang1, Yu Gu1
1Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Background:
Sepsis is an infection-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), a low-molecular-weight protein involved in immune processes, shows potential for predicting the prognosis of various diseases. However, its role in sepsis prognosis remains unclear, necessitating further exploration.
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of serum β2-MG for 28-day mortality in sepsis patients and compare it with traditional indicators such as sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores and lactate (Lac) levels.
Methods:
A total of 346 sepsis patients were included in this single-center retrospective study conducted at the emergency department of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital. Clinical and biochemical indicators, including β2-MG, SOFA scores, and Lac levels, were collected. Predictive ability was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and binary logistic regression models, and β2-MG was compared to SOFA scores and Lac levels.
Results:
β2-MG was significantly correlated with 28-day mortality and identified as an independent risk factor (P<0.001, OR=1.142, 95% CI: 1.083-1.204). The sensitivity of β2-MG was 94%, and its specificity was 77% for predicting 28-day mortality. Combining β2-MG with SOFA scores increased sensitivity to 94%, while combining it with Lac improved specificity to 88.9%. ROC analysis showed that β2-MG's predictive accuracy improved significantly when combined with these indicators.
Conclusion:
The serum level of β2-MG is an independent predictor of 28-day mortality in sepsis patients. While less sensitive and specific than SOFA scores and lactate, combining β2-MG with these markers improves predictive accuracy, offering complementary prognostic value.
Insights
Serum beta-2 microglobulin (β2-MG) predicts sepsis mortality. Combining β2-MG with SOFA scores or lactate levels enhances its prognostic accuracy for sepsis patients.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Biomarkers
- Immunology
Background:
- Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with high mortality.
- Beta-2 microglobulin (β2-MG) is an immune protein with potential prognostic value.
- The role of β2-MG in sepsis prognosis requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the predictive capability of serum β2-MG for 28-day mortality in sepsis patients.
- To compare the prognostic value of β2-MG with established sepsis indicators: SOFA scores and lactate levels.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study of 346 sepsis patients was conducted.
- Serum β2-MG, SOFA scores, and lactate levels were collected.
- Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and logistic regression were used to evaluate predictive accuracy.
Main Results:
- Serum β2-MG is an independent predictor of 28-day sepsis mortality (P<0.001).
- β2-MG demonstrated 94% sensitivity and 77% specificity for predicting mortality.
- Combining β2-MG with SOFA scores or lactate levels improved predictive accuracy.
Conclusions:
- Serum β2-MG serves as a valuable independent predictor of 28-day mortality in sepsis.
- While not surpassing SOFA or lactate alone, β2-MG offers complementary prognostic information.
- Combination of β2-MG with SOFA or lactate enhances the overall predictive power for sepsis outcomes.
