Expanding the Use of SGLT2 Inhibitors in T2D Patients Across Clinical Settings

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology and Metabolism
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are established for type 2 diabetes (T2D) management, primarily for glycemic control.
• Proven cardiovascular and renal benefits position SGLT2i as crucial in T2D, particularly with kidney disease or heart failure.
• T2D patients frequently present with comorbidities like MAFLD and cognitive impairment, some sharing pathophysiological links with diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current literature on SGLT2i efficacy in T2D beyond glycemic control.
• To explore the potential of SGLT2i in managing various comorbidities in T2D patients.
• To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these broader effects of SGLT2i.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of existing scientific literature.
• Synthesis of evidence on SGLT2i effects in diverse clinical settings.
• Analysis of proposed molecular pathways involved in SGLT2i action.

Main Results:

• Accumulating evidence suggests SGLT2i may benefit conditions beyond established indications.
• Potential roles in managing MAFLD and cognitive impairment in T2D are under investigation.
• SGLT2i's pleiotropic effects are being explored for personalized T2D treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

• SGLT2i demonstrate potential therapeutic applications in T2D patients with various comorbidities.
• Further research is warranted to fully understand and utilize the multifaceted benefits of SGLT2i.
• Personalized treatment approaches incorporating SGLT2i may improve outcomes in complex T2D cases.