Associations between sweetened beverage consumption, degenerative valvular heart disease, and related events: a
Cheng Wei1,2,3, Wen Gong1,2, Binyi Xu1,2
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China.
Insights
Reducing intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) may lower the risk of developing valvular heart disease (VHD). This study found higher consumption linked to increased VHD incidence.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Degenerative valvular heart disease (VHD) lacks effective preventive medications.
- Sweetened beverage consumption is a potential risk factor for VHD through metabolic and inflammatory pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prospectively investigate the association between sweetened beverage intake and the risk of developing degenerative VHD.
- To differentiate the risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), and natural juices (NJs).
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study utilizing UK Biobank data from 167,801 participants.
- Dietary intake assessed via questionnaires, with a median follow-up of 14.53 years.
- Incidence of aortic valve stenosis (AS), aortic regurgitation (AR), and mitral regurgitation (MR) events were recorded and analyzed.
Main Results:
- Higher consumption of ASBs was linked to increased risk of AS, AR, and MR.
- Increased SSB intake was associated with a higher incidence of MR.
- No significant association was found between natural juice consumption and VHD risk.
Conclusions:
- Reducing intake of SSBs and ASBs may lower the risk of degenerative VHD.
- Substituting SSBs or ASBs with natural juices may mitigate VHD risk.
Aims:
There are no effective medications to prevent the onset of degenerative valvular heart disease (VHD). Sweetened beverage consumption may contribute to the development of VHD by affecting metabolic disorders, systemic inflammation, and calcification processes. This study aimed to prospectively assess the association between sweetened beverage consumption and the risk of degenerative VHD.
Methods And Results:
This prospective study included 167 801 participants from the UK Biobank who completed at least one dietary questionnaire. During a median follow-up of 14.53 years, 1464 cases of aortic valve stenosis (AS) events, 584 cases of aortic valve regurgitation (AR) events, and 1744 cases of mitral valve regurgitation (MR) events were recorded. Compared with non-consumers, participants consuming more than one drink per day of artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) had a higher risk of AS [hazard ratio (HR): 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.68], AR (HR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.02-2.00), and MR (HR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.10-1.64). Similarly, the consumption of more than one drink of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) was associated with an increased incidence of MR (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.22-1.77). In contrast, no significant association was observed between the consumption of natural juices (NJs) and VHD risk. Results for VHD-related interventions, deaths, or cardiovascular events were largely consistent. Substituting SSBs or ASBs per day with NJs was associated with a reduced risk of MR (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.72-0.94) events or AS (HR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69-0.94) events, respectively.
Conclusion:
Lower consumption of SSBs or ASBs may reduce the risk of degenerative VHD and VHD-related events.
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