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Related Concept Videos

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2025

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
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Decoding Precision Aging: The Intersection of Cognitive Decline, Frailty, and Hormonal Biomarkers.

J Ray Runyon1,2, Mohammad Dehghan Rouzi3, Myeounggon Lee3

  • 1Andrew Weil Center for Integrative Medicine, COM, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.

Gerontology
|May 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study found that a dual-task physical frailty assessment, combined with cortisol levels, can identify mild cognitive impairment in aging adults. This integrated approach improves risk prediction for cognitive decline.

Keywords:
Cognitive frailtyDigital biomarkerDigital healthHormonal biomarkersPrecision aging

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cognitive frailty, a combination of cognitive impairment and physical frailty, predicts cognitive decline.
  • Limited research integrates cognitive, physical, and hormonal markers like cortisol for frailty assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess frailty in aging adults by combining non-invasive physical, cognitive, and cortisol markers.
  • To explore the relationship between physical frailty, cognitive function, and cortisol levels.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Healthy Minds for Life (HML) longitudinal cohort.
  • Assessed cognition with MoCA, physical frailty with a 20-second elbow flexion-extension test (single-task and dual-task) analyzed by AI, and measured cortisol in sweat samples using DART-MS.

Main Results:

  • The dual-task frailty index (FI) differentiated mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from cognitively healthy individuals and correlated with MoCA scores (p=0.015).
  • Dual-task FI predicted cognitive function better than single-task FI.
  • A significant interaction between dual-task FI and cortisol by age was observed (p=0.0042), indicating cortisol's moderating role in the age-frailty relationship.

Conclusions:

  • Dual-task testing and cortisol measures are practical for identifying individuals at high risk for cognitive and physical decline.
  • Integrating hormonal markers with cognitive and physical assessments enhances risk stratification and intervention planning in aging populations.