JoVE - Journal of Visualized Experiments
JoVE Visualize
Contact Us

Long non-coding RNAs PVT1, CCAT2, and TCF7L2, and miR-33 and c-Myc expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral lichen planus patients

  • 0Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery +

|

May 13, 2025

|

May 13, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study identifies c-Myc and LncRNAs (TCF7L2, PVT1, CCAT2) as upregulated biomarkers and miR-33 as a downregulated biomarker in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). These molecules show potential for early OSCC diagnosis and predicting clinicopathological features.

Area Of Science

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background

  • Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) poses a significant global health challenge.
  • Early diagnosis and differentiation of OSCC from premalignant lesions are crucial for effective treatment.
  • Identifying reliable biomarkers is essential for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To evaluate TCF7L2, CCAT2, and PVT1 LncRNAs, c-Myc, and miR-33 as potential biomarkers for early OSCC diagnosis.
  • To differentiate between OSCC and oral potentially malignant disorders (OLP).
  • To correlate biomarker expression with clinicopathological features of OSCC.

Main Methods

  • Bioinformatic analysis of cancer-associated gene signaling pathways.
  • Statistical analysis using the limma package to identify Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs).
  • Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to measure expression levels of target genes and microRNAs in tissue samples.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for diagnostic accuracy.

Main Results

  • Significant upregulation of c-Myc, PVT1, CCAT2, and TCF7L2 expression in OSCC compared to OLP samples (P < 0.001).
  • Significant downregulation of miR-33 expression in OSCC samples.
  • High diagnostic accuracy (AUC > 0.9) for c-Myc, PVT1, CCAT2, and TCF7L2 as biomarkers.
  • Significant correlations between biomarker expression and OSCC clinicopathological characteristics.

Conclusions

  • c-Myc and LncRNAs (TCF7L2, PVT1, CCAT2) are significantly upregulated in OSCC.
  • miR-33 is significantly downregulated in OSCC.
  • These molecular markers hold promise for the early diagnosis and prognostic prediction of OSCC.

Keywords:

Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs 02:39

8.4K

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...

Non-LTR Retrotransposons 03:18

11.3K

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...

Abnormal Proliferation 02:23

4.4K

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...

MicroRNAs 01:22

2.9K

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells 01:06

3.9K

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions 01:12

4.7K

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...