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Which outcomes should be included in a core outcome set for capturing and measuring doctor well-being? A Delphi study
Gemma Simons1,2,3,4, Naomi Klepacz5,6, David S Baldwin1,2,4,7
1University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.
Objectives:
To develop a core outcome set (COS) to capture and measure the well-being of doctors working in the National Health Service (NHS).
Design:
An online Delphi study.
Setting:
UK NHS.
Participants:
Participants from four stakeholder groups: (1) those who might use the COS in research, (2) organisations that measure/capture NHS staff well-being, (3) professionals with experience managing NHS staff well-being and (4) NHS doctors were identified through authorship of relevant publications, attendee lists of doctor well-being conferences and meetings, professional bodies, participation in a previous study and recommendations from others. They were recruited via email.
Interventions:
A two-stage process: (1) creating a list of 43 well-being outcomes informed by a systematic review of well-being measurement instruments, a survey of UK doctors and two doctor engagement workshops and (2) an online Delphi study (with two rounds) to reach consensus. Outcomes were rated on a 9-point Likert scale; 'consensus' was reached when ≥75% agreed that an outcome was critical for inclusion in the COS.
Results:
52 participants completed both Delphi rounds. Seven well-being outcomes met the threshold for inclusion in the COS: general well-being, health, personal safety, job satisfaction, morale, life work balance and good clinical practice.
Conclusions:
Use of the COS has the potential to reduce heterogeneity and standardise the capture and measurement of doctor well-being, and ensure outcomes important to all stakeholders are reported.
Trial Registration:
This study was prospectively registered with the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trial initiative at www.comet-initiative.org (Registration: 1577).
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