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Risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity among preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Haiyan Zhang1, Yunhong Jiang2, Xinkai Zhang1,2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
|May 13, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) increases retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) risk in preterm infants. Key risk factors include low gestational age, low birth weight, and noninvasive ventilation or oxygen therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease common in preterm infants.
  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of vision impairment in premature infants.
  • Investigating the interplay between BPD and ROP is crucial for improving outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
  • To analyze the correlation between the severity of ROP and the severity of BPD.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 225 preterm infants with BPD.
  • Infants categorized into ROP and non-ROP groups.
  • Logistic regression and Spearman correlation analyses employed.

Main Results:

  • Noninvasive ventilation and oxygen therapy significantly increased ROP risk.
  • Low gestational age and low birth weight were identified as major risk factors for ROP.
  • A positive correlation was observed between ROP severity and BPD severity.

Conclusions:

  • Low gestational age, low birth weight, noninvasive ventilation, and oxygen therapy (mask/nasal catheter) are significant risk factors for ROP in preterm infants with BPD.
  • These findings highlight critical factors for targeted interventions and monitoring.
Abstract

Keywords:
Retinopathy of prematuritybronchopulmonary dysplasiaetiologypreterm infantsrisk factor

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