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Developments in Deep Learning Artificial Neural Network Techniques for Medical Image Analysis and Interpretation.

Olamilekan Shobayo1,2, Reza Saatchi1

  • 1School of Engineering and Built Environment, Sheffield Hallam University, Pond Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK.

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|May 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deep learning significantly enhances medical image analysis for diagnostics. Key challenges include data, interpretability, and ethics, but advancements promise improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
artificial intelligenceartificial neural networksdeep learningimage classification and pattern recognitionmedical image analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging Analysis
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Diagnostic Technology

Background:

  • Deep learning (DL) revolutionizes medical image analysis, offering automated, efficient, and accurate diagnostic solutions.
  • Advancements in DL techniques are transforming the interpretation of medical imaging data across various modalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore recent developments in deep learning techniques for medical imaging.
  • To identify key challenges and future research directions for clinical adoption.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
  • Searches conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases.
  • Exploration of various DL architectures including CNNs, RNNs, GANs, U-Nets, ViTs, and hybrid models.

Main Results:

  • Deep learning models show significant potential in enhancing diagnostic accuracy for MRI, CT, US, and X-ray.
  • Key challenges identified include data availability, interpretability, overfitting, computational demands, model trust, data privacy, and ethical considerations.
  • Various DL architectures are effective for classification, segmentation, feature extraction, and image synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Deep learning offers substantial promise for improving diagnostic accuracy in medical imaging.
  • Addressing challenges in data, interpretability, ethics, and computational efficiency is crucial for broader clinical adoption.
  • Future research should focus on real-time applications, enhanced explainability, and integration into healthcare frameworks for better patient outcomes.