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Environmental Gradients and Hen Spatial Distribution in a Cage-Free Aviary System: Internet of Things-Based Real-Time

Francesco Bordignon¹, Mattia Pravato¹, Angela Trocino^1,2

¹Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.

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Summary

Environmental conditions in aviaries affect hen distribution. Hens preferred higher tiers in summer, correlating with lower humidity and particulate matter, suggesting ventilation improvements for welfare.

Keywords:

CO2 IoT NH3 flock noise internet of things laying hens particulate matter precision livestock farming

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Area of Science:

Animal Science
Environmental Science
Agricultural Engineering

Background:

Understanding environmental gradients in multi-tiered aviaries is crucial for optimizing poultry housing.
Hen spatial distribution is influenced by various environmental factors, including air quality and humidity.
Previous studies have highlighted the importance of ventilation in maintaining optimal conditions for laying hens.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess environmental gradients at different heights within a multi-tiered aviary.
To investigate the relationship between these environmental gradients and hen spatial distribution.
To provide insights for optimizing ventilation and air quality control in commercial poultry operations.

Main Methods:

Continuous monitoring of environmental parameters (humidity, NH3, CO2, PM) at three heights using an IoT system.
Analysis of hen distribution via video recordings over different periods (January, March, June).
Statistical correlation analysis between environmental data and hen location.

Main Results:

The middle tier showed higher humidity and CO2/PM concentrations, indicating potential airflow issues.
Hen presence on the floor correlated positively with increased particulate matter and ammonia levels.
Hens utilized the upper tier more in June, coinciding with lower humidity and PM levels.

Conclusions:

Environmental gradients exist at different heights in multi-tiered aviaries, influencing hen distribution.
Optimizing ventilation schemes based on daily and seasonal environmental changes can improve hen welfare and production.
Findings suggest that managing airflow is key to mitigating adverse environmental conditions in poultry housing.