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Nitrate Modulates Fruit Lignification by Regulating CgLAC3 Expression in Pomelo.

Changhong Lai1, Huiwen Zhou1, Hong Liao1

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Nitrate levels significantly increase lignin in pomelo fruit, impacting quality. Managing nitrate-nitrogen fertilization can help improve pomelo fruit lignification and quality.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Agricultural Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Fruit lignification negatively impacts pomelo quality and economic value.
  • Understanding the regulation of fruit lignification is crucial for improving crop yields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between nutrient status and lignification in pomelo juice sacs.
  • To identify key enzymes and regulatory pathways involved in nitrate-modulated lignification.

Main Methods:

  • Correlation analysis between nitrate concentration and lignin concentration in pomelo juice sacs.
  • Machine learning-based regression models to assess nitrate's impact on lignin accumulation.
  • Field trials in pomelo orchards and experiments with pear and soybean.
  • Transcriptomic analysis to identify differentially expressed genes, focusing on laccases.
  • Gene overexpression studies in pomelo and soybean to validate enzyme function.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation was found between nitrate (NO3-) concentration and lignin concentration in pomelo.
  • Nitrate was identified as a key factor explaining over 60% of lignin accumulation.
  • Pomelo laccase genes (CgLACs), particularly CgLAC3, were significantly upregulated by nitrate.
  • Overexpression of CgLAC3 led to increased lignin content in pomelo and soybean tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Nitrate modulates pomelo fruit lignification primarily through the regulation of CgLAC3 expression.
  • Nitrate-nitrogen fertilization strategies can be adjusted to manage fruit lignification and enhance pomelo quality.