microRNAs as Biomarkers of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer found in women. Detection of this cancer at an early stage is essential for effective treatment and a favorable prognosis. Potential early breast cancer biomarkers useful for diagnosing these tumors are microRNAs. These are small single-stranded RNA chains that can regulate the post-transcriptional expression of many different oncogenes. Cancer cells contain miRNAs that play a special role in the etiology of cancer development. The role of microRNAs in the initiation and development of breast cancer gives us great hope for the creation of molecular tools for early cancer detection. MicroRNAs are characterized by a high stability due to RNase, which protects them from degradation and enables their detection in various biological fluids. Researchers have described multiple serum microRNA signatures useful for detecting breast cancer. This review discusses the importance and potential usefulness of microRNAs in detecting breast cancer at an early stage, predicting the course of the disease, and assessing the effectiveness of treatment.