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Anthropometric Trajectories and Dietary Compliance During a Personalized Ketogenic Program
Cayetano García-Gorrita1, Jose M Soriano1,2, Juan F Merino-Torres2,3,4
1Food & Health Lab, Institute of Materials Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
Nutrients
|May 14, 2025
Summary
Ketogenic diets (KDs) promote rapid fat loss and preserve muscle mass initially. However, long-term adherence is challenging, with significant participant drop-off after three months.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Metabolic Health
- Human Physiology
Background:
- Ketogenic diets (KDs) are increasingly popular for weight loss and metabolic health.
- Limited real-world data exists on long-term body composition and adherence to KDs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the 9-month effects of a personalized ketogenic diet program on anthropometric parameters.
- To assess adherence rates to the ketogenic diet over time.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study involving 491 adults following a structured ketogenic nutrition plan.
- Measurements of body weight, fat mass (FM), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) at 3, 6, and 9 months.
Main Results:
- Significant reductions in body weight (-12.6 kg) and fat mass (-10.3 kg) were observed at 3 months (p < 0.001).
- Skeletal muscle mass remained stable; however, participant retention significantly decreased after 3 months.
- Those completing the program maintained anthropometric improvements, despite partial weight regain by 9 months.
Conclusions:
- Well-formulated ketogenic diets can lead to rapid short-term fat loss while preserving lean mass.
- Long-term adherence to ketogenic diets presents considerable challenges.
- Strategies to improve dietary sustainability and participant retention are crucial for clinical success.
