Estimation of Intake of Fat, Saturated Fatty Acids, and Trans Fatty Acids from Sweet and Salty Snacks Among Children...

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the intake of total fat, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and trans fatty acids (TFAs) from sweet and salty snacks among Polish schoolchildren and to evaluate differences by age, gender, and nutritional status. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 362 pupils aged 10-15 years. Snack consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Fat content was estimated based on product labels and databases, and the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of fats was calculated. Intake levels were compared to dietary recommendations and analyzed by gender, age, and BMI category. Results: The mean fat intake from snacks was 34.5 g/day, covering nearly 47% of the recommended daily intake. Over 12% of students exceeded total fat recommendations, 20% exceeded SFA limits, and more than 30% surpassed the TFA intake threshold. The highest intake of fats was observed among 10-year-olds. Over 60% of students in this age group exceeded the TFA's upper intake level. Girls showed slightly higher intakes of total fat and SFAs than boys, although the differences were not statistically significant. Fat intake was highest among children with overweight or obesity. Conclusions: Snacks are a major contributor to unhealthy fat intake among school-aged children, particularly in the youngest age group and those with excess body weight. Early, targeted nutrition education and regulatory strategies are needed to promote healthier snacking habits and reduce the long-term risk of diet-related non-communicable diseases.