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Impact and Failure Analysis of U-Shaped Concrete Containing Polyurethane Materials: Deep Learning and Digital Imaging
Saleh Ahmad Laqsum1, Han Zhu1,2, Sadi I Haruna3
1School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Polymers
|May 14, 2025
Summary
This study shows that 20% polyurethane (PU) content optimizes concrete
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Civil Engineering
- Artificial Intelligence
Background:
- Concrete fracture behavior under impact loads is critical for structural safety.
- Polyurethane modification offers potential for enhanced concrete properties.
- Automated crack assessment is needed to improve efficiency and accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the fracture behavior of polyurethane-modified concrete under impact.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for crack classification.
- To determine the optimal polyurethane content for impact resistance and flexural strength.
Main Methods:
- 17 U-shaped concrete specimens with varying PU content (0-30%) were tested under drop-weight impact loads.
- Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and mechanical testing were used to analyze material behavior.
- Three CNN architectures (InceptionV3, MobileNet, DenseNet121) were trained on 1655 crack images for failure stage classification.
Main Results:
- 20% PU content provided optimal impact resistance and flexural strength; 30% PU content significantly reduced mechanical properties.
- DIC analysis revealed reduced matrix cohesion with higher PU content, indicating potential structural integrity issues.
- InceptionV3 CNN achieved the highest accuracy (96.67%) in classifying crack stages, outperforming MobileNet and DenseNet121.
Conclusions:
- Polyurethane modification can enhance concrete impact resistance up to 20% content.
- Deep learning models, particularly InceptionV3, offer a highly accurate and efficient automated framework for crack assessment in concrete.
- Maintaining PU content below 20% is crucial to prevent compromising the structural integrity of modified concrete.
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