LiDAR Technology for UAV Detection: From Fundamentals and Operational Principles to Advanced Detection and...

Area of Science:

• Robotics and Automation
• Sensor Technology
• Artificial Intelligence

Background:

• Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used in various sectors, necessitating advanced detection methods.
• Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) offers precise 3D spatial data, crucial for security and airspace monitoring.
• Accurate drone detection is vital for safety and regulatory compliance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review recent innovations in LiDAR-based detection of UAVs.
• To detail LiDAR sensor principles, classifications, and data processing techniques.
• To compare LiDAR-only and sensor fusion approaches for UAV detection.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of LiDAR-based drone detection technologies.
• Analysis of LiDAR sensor principles, components, and scanning mechanisms.
• Exploration of data processing algorithms and deep learning applications in LiDAR data.

Main Results:

• LiDAR is a key technology for UAV detection due to its 3D sensing capabilities.
• Fusion of LiDAR with other sensors shows promise for improved detection accuracy.
• Deep learning enhances the analysis of LiDAR data for real-world applications.

Conclusions:

• LiDAR technology is pivotal for robust UAV detection systems.
• Sensor fusion strategies, particularly with deep learning, offer significant advancements in drone detection.
• Addressing challenges in sensor fusion is critical for future development.