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Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing CCM System

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Distributed Virtual Inertia Control Strategy for Multi-Virtual Synchronous Machine Parallel System Based on Neighbor

Ge Cao¹, Hanbing Wu¹, Yao Liu²

¹School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710054, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 14, 2025

Summary

Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control can cause frequency oscillations in power systems. This study introduces a distributed virtual inertia control strategy to stabilize multi-VSG systems by coordinating virtual inertia and synchronizing frequencies, enhancing grid stability.

Keywords:

energy function method frequency oscillation small signal model virtual inertia control virtual synchronous machine

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Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Power Systems
Control Theory

Background:

Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control enhances grid inertia but can lead to frequency oscillations.
Inconsistent virtual inertia in multi-VSG systems exacerbates stability and security concerns.
Virtual inertia control offers faster response for regulating the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF).

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a distributed virtual inertia control strategy for multi-VSG parallel systems.
To address and mitigate frequency oscillation issues in multi-VSG systems.
To enhance the dynamic performance and stability of low-inertia power systems.

Main Methods:

Established a small-signal model for multi-machine parallel systems and demonstrated its stability.
Developed a neighbor-communication-based distributed virtual inertia coordination control method.
Utilized Lyapunov function to rigorously prove the stability of the proposed control strategy.

Main Results:

The proposed method dynamically adjusts virtual inertia through neighbor information exchange and local decision-making.
Frequency synchronization among all units in the system was achieved, effectively suppressing post-disturbance oscillations.
MATLAB/Simulink simulations confirmed the mitigation of frequency oscillations and reduced settling times.

Conclusions:

The distributed virtual inertia control strategy effectively suppresses frequency oscillations in multi-VSG systems.
The strategy enhances system stability and dynamic performance, particularly in low-inertia grids.
Neighbor communication and local control enable robust and adaptive virtual inertia coordination.