Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 15, 2025

Self-Assembly of Hybrid Lipid Membranes Doped with Hydrophobic Organic Molecules at the Water/Air Interface
Published on: May 1, 2020
Concentration Gradient-Induced Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two Copper(II) Coordination Polymer Based on
Tao Zhou1,2, Gengyi Zhang2, Chunhong Tan1
1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
Abstract:
The reaction of copper nitrate, phthalic acid (1,2-H2BDC), and bipyridine in ammonia/ethanol media affords two multi-copper (II) cluster-based coordination polymers, namely {[Cu4(bpy)4(OH)2(BDC)2]·2OH·13H2O}n (USC-CP-6) and {[Cu2(BDC)2(bpy)2(H2O)]·3H2O}n (USC-CP-7), under ambient conditions, with CP-6 forming at the bottom and CP-7 at the upper edge of the same beaker. The single-crystal structures reveal that it is a rare case of gradient-induced formation of different multi-copper(II) cluster-based CPs within a single-solution chemical reaction. CP-6 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, sp. gr. P21/c, and is composed of chair-like tetranuclear [Cu4(μ3-OH)2(bpy)4(BDC)2]2+ clusters as secondary building units, bridged by BDC2- ligands to form a two-dimensional layer framework, while CP-7 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, sp. gr. P21/n, with binuclear [Cu2(1,2-BDC)2(bpy)2(H2O)] clusters linked by bridging BDC2- ligands to form a one-dimensional looped double chain. Through intermolecular π-π stacking and hydrogen bonds between the coordination water, lattice water, and free oxygen atoms from carboxylate, both compounds yield a 3D supramolecular structure.
Related Concept Videos
Coordination Number and Geometry
Metal-Ligand Bonds
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Valence Bond Theory
Colors and Magnetism
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
![[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F59739.jpg&w=3840&q=50)
