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Can Personality Traits Affect Sleep Quality in Post-COVID-19 Patients?

Anna Carnes-Vendrell¹, Gerard Piñol-Ripoll¹, Mar Ariza²

¹Cognitive Disorders Unit, Cognition and Behaviour Study Group, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria, 25198 Lleida, Spain.

Journal of Clinical Medicine

|May 14, 2025

Summary

Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) patients exhibit higher neuroticism, which significantly impacts sleep quality. Interventions for PCC sleep issues should consider personality traits, particularly neuroticism, for greater effectiveness.

Keywords:

Big Five Model personality traits post-COVID-19 condition sleep quality

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Published on: September 22, 2020

Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Sleep Medicine
Psychology

Background:

Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) presents diverse symptoms, including sleep disturbances.
Personality traits may influence the experience and severity of PCC symptoms.
Understanding the interplay between personality and sleep quality in PCC is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare personality traits between post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) patients and healthy controls (HC).
To evaluate the association between sleep quality and personality traits in PCC patients.
To determine if disease severity modifies the relationship between personality and sleep quality.

Main Methods:

A cohort of 599 participants (20-65 years) including mild PCC, hospitalized PCC, PCC-ICU, and HC groups were recruited.
Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
Personality traits were measured using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO FFI).

Main Results:

Mild PCC patients showed higher neuroticism scores compared to HCs and ICU-PCC patients.
Increased neuroticism scores correlated with poorer sleep quality, longer sleep latency, and greater daytime disturbances in PCC patients.
High neuroticism was linked to worse sleep quality in mild PCC, hospitalized PCC, and HC groups, but not in ICU-PCC patients.

Conclusions:

Neuroticism significantly impacts sleep quality in PCC patients, with greater clinical implications than in healthy controls.
Interventions for sleep problems in PCC should incorporate personality trait considerations, especially neuroticism.
Multidimensional therapeutic approaches are recommended to address sleep disturbances in the PCC population.