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Cardio-Oncology Challenges in Elderly Patients
Ester Topa1, Eliana De Rosa1, Alessandra Cuomo2
1Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 14, 2025
Summary
Elderly patients with cancer and cardiovascular disease require careful management. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) can identify older cancer patients at higher risk for cardiovascular events during treatment.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Oncology
- Geriatrics
Background:
- Cancer and cardiovascular diseases frequently coexist in the aging population, complicating patient management.
- Elderly oncologic patients present unique challenges due to comorbidities and treatment complexities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe clinical features, comorbidities, and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in elderly oncologic patients.
- To explore the correlation between Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) items and cardiac function assessed by echocardiography.
- To identify patients at higher risk for CV complications during cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- 108 elderly oncologic patients were categorized into three groups based on cancer treatment status.
- Cardiovascular events (CVEs), treatment withdrawals, and survival rates were analyzed.
- Correlation between CGA and echocardiographic parameters was assessed in a subgroup of 62 patients.
Main Results:
- Patients undergoing active antineoplastic treatment (Group 2) exhibited the highest incidence of CVEs (61.8%) and worse 48-month survival.
- Physical activity inversely correlated with left ventricular mass index, while Frailty index directly correlated with E/e' ratio.
- CGA identified correlations between geriatric parameters and cardiac function.
Conclusions:
- Baseline cardiovascular assessment is crucial for elderly patients undergoing cancer treatment.
- Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) is a feasible tool to identify elderly oncologic patients at increased risk for cardiovascular events.
- CGA findings correlate with key cardiovascular parameters, aiding in risk stratification.
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