Interplay Between ROS and Hormones in Plant Defense Against Pathogens
Mostafa Haghpanah1, Amin Namdari1, Mostafa Koozehgar Kaleji2
1Dryland Agricultural Research Institute (DARI), Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gachsaran 7589172050, Iran.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 14, 2025
Summary
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial signaling molecules in plant defense against pathogens. This review details how ROS mediate basal, hypersensitive, and systemic acquired resistance, highlighting their dual role in plant health.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are metabolic by-products with dual roles in plant health.
- Specific ROS sources can be beneficial or detrimental, influencing plant defense mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the complex roles of ROS in plant defense.
- To explore ROS involvement in basal resistance, hypersensitive response (HR), and systemic acquired resistance (SAR).
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on ROS generation and function in plants.
- Analysis of ROS signaling in plant-pathogen interactions.
- Examination of ROS interplay with phytohormones (JA, SA, ET).
Main Results:
- ROS act as signaling molecules, activating defense gene expression and inhibiting pathogen growth.
- ROS are involved in HR, a localized cell death response to pathogens.
- ROS facilitate SAR, enhancing plant-wide resistance.
Conclusions:
- ROS are critical regulators of plant immunity, orchestrating local and systemic defense responses.
- Understanding ROS dynamics is key to developing strategies for enhanced plant resilience to biotic stresses.
Related Concept Videos
02:26Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores
22.4K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
22.4K
01:56Plant Hormones
23.2K
Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are often produced in specific glands and circulated via the circulatory system. However, plants lack hormone-producing glands.
23.2K
01:25Cell Signaling in Plants
5.4K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.4K
02:04Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata
27.6K
During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
27.6K
01:20Radical Autoxidation
2.1K
The oxidation of an organic compound in the presence of air or oxygen is called autoxidation. For example, cumene reacts with oxygen to form hydroperoxide. Autoxidation involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. Many organic compounds are susceptible to autoxidation—especially ethers in the presence of oxygen, which form hydroperoxides. Even though this reaction is slow, old ether bottles contain small amounts of peroxide, which leads to laboratory explosions during ether...
2.1K
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.3K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.3K