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Catalytically Perfect Enzymes

Catalytically Perfect Enzymes

The theory of catalytically perfect enzymes was first proposed by W.J. Albery and J. R. Knowles in 1976. These enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions at high-speed. Their catalytic efficiency values range from 108-109 M-1s-1. These enzymes are also called 'diffusion-controlled' as the only rate-limiting step in the catalysis is that of the substrate diffusion into the active site. Examples include triose phosphate isomerase, fumarase, and superoxide dismutase.

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Updated: May 15, 2025

Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System

Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System

Published on: August 8, 2016

An Engineered PfAgo with Wide Catalytic Temperature Range and Substrate Spectrum.

Longyu Wang¹, Xiaochen Xie¹, Fuyong Huang¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|May 14, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers engineered a thermophilic Argonaute nuclease (PfAgo) for improved performance at moderate temperatures. The modified enzyme, mPfAgo, shows enhanced DNA cleavage activity and versatility, expanding applications in DNA detection and enzyme design.

Keywords:

PfAgo cold adaptation nucleases rational engineering thermophilic archaea

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Enzyme Engineering

Background:

Thermophilic Argonaute nuclease (PfAgo) from Pyrococcus furiosus possesses high DNA-guided DNA cleavage activity.
Its utility is limited by high-temperature dependence, restricting applications in moderate-temperature environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To engineer PfAgo for enhanced performance at moderate temperatures.
To expand the application scope of thermophilic Argonaute nucleases.

Main Methods:

Rational design of PfAgo variants based on ternary complex structure and cold-adapted enzyme principles.
Site-directed mutagenesis (K617G, L618G) to create mPfAgo.
Biochemical assays to evaluate cleavage activity and substrate versatility.
Far-UV Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (DSF) for structural analysis.

Main Results:

Engineered variant mPfAgo (K617G, L618G) exhibits significantly enhanced cleavage activity at 37°C.
mPfAgo demonstrates a broader catalytic temperature range (30-95°C) and improved high-temperature activity.
The modified enzyme shows versatile DNA and RNA cleavage guided by various modified guide nucleic acids.
Structural analysis revealed mPfAgo possesses a more flexible structure compared to wild-type PfAgo.
The engineering strategy was successfully applied to TtdAgo, yielding variants with enhanced moderate-temperature activity.

Conclusions:

A novel strategy for rational design of thermophilic Argonaute nucleases (Agos) was established.
Engineered Agos exhibit improved moderate-temperature activity and expanded substrate versatility.
This work significantly broadens the application potential of thermophilic Agos in various fields, including sensitive DNA detection.