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Association Between Suicide and Physical Illness in Japan: An Analysis Using Statistical Adjustment Based on Regional
Akihito Ueda1,2, Masayoshi Koinuma3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Corporation Toujinkai, Fujitate Hospital, Osaka, JPN.
Cureus
|May 14, 2025
Summary
Suicide rates in Japan are linked to cerebral infarction and diabetes, especially when considering regional factors like age and wealth. Adjusting for these socioeconomic conditions is crucial for effective suicide prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Sociology
Background:
- Suicide is a significant social issue in Japan, with health problems being a primary driver.
- Previous research has not accounted for regional factors when analyzing the link between physical illness and suicide.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between outpatient visits for specific diseases and suicide rates across Japanese prefectures.
- To adjust for regional confounding variables in the analysis of physical illness and suicide risk.
Main Methods:
- Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed on data from 47 prefectures.
- Suicide numbers were adjusted for regional attributes: proportion of older people, household assets, happiness level, and sunlight hours.
- Six diseases were analyzed: neoplasms, gastric/duodenal ulcers, liver disease, glomerular disease/renal failure, diabetes, and cerebral infarction.
Main Results:
- Suicide showed significant associations with cerebral infarction and diabetes after adjusting for regional factors.
- Controlling for regional attributes was essential, as unadjusted analyses found no significant associations.
- The proportion of older people and household assets were significant regional predictors of suicide rates.
Conclusions:
- Monitoring patients with cerebral infarction and diabetes for suicide risk is vital.
- Regional socioeconomic factors must be integrated into suicide prevention strategies.
- Primary healthcare professionals can play a key role in identifying and supporting at-risk individuals.
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