Intrahepatic portal vein aneurysm: A case report

Portal vein aneurysm (PVA), a rare vascular anomaly characterized by localized dilation of the portal venous system, demonstrates distinct pathological features, including progressive wall thinning with marked attenuation of both intimal and medial layers. Current classification systems categorize PVAs based on anatomical location. Intrahepatic variants involve portal vein branches within the hepatic parenchyma, while extrahepatic types predominantly affect the main portal trunk extending from the splenomesenteric confluence to the hepatic hilum, with the extrahepatic type being the most common. The current study presents a case of PVA, demonstrating the synergistic diagnostic value of abdominal ultrasonography and multiphase contrast-enhanced CT in vascular malformation management. Multimodal imaging characterization not only precisely delineated the three-dimensional anatomical heterogeneity of the lesion but also dynamically demonstrated the spatiotemporal hemodynamic evolution of the portal venous system, providing crucial imaging-based evidence for clinical decision-making in individualized treatment planning for patients with PVA.