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Overexposed and Understudied: Environmental Risks Among Older Adults Experiencing Homelessness in Phoenix, Arizona
Zachary Van Tol1, Ariane Middel2, Jennifer K Vanos1
1School of Sustainability Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA.
Geohealth
|May 14, 2025
Summary
Older adults experiencing homelessness in Phoenix face severe heat and air pollution risks. Public resources are insufficient to protect them from these environmental hazards.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Urban Health
- Public Health
Background:
- Homeless individuals, especially older adults, are vulnerable to urban environmental hazards like heat and air pollution.
- Intensifying heat in the American Southwest exacerbates these risks for the unsheltered population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore how older adults experiencing homelessness in Phoenix perceive and interact with heat and air pollution.
- To assess the adequacy of coping resources and information available to this vulnerable group.
Main Methods:
- A community-co-produced survey was administered to adults aged 55 and older experiencing homelessness.
- Mobile biometeorological data (MaRTy) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) data were collected.
- Survey results guided data collection locations.
Main Results:
- Heat and air pollution significantly impact travel decisions and contribute to health issues.
- Thermal radiation frequently exceeded safe levels; PM2.5 often surpassed air quality guidelines.
- Most participants were aware of risks and used coping strategies, but found public resources inadequate.
Conclusions:
- Existing city-level resources are insufficient to prevent heat- and air pollution-related health issues for older adults experiencing homelessness.
- Targeted interventions, including improved access to transportation, healthcare, and extended service hours, are needed.
- Enhancing resource accessibility is crucial for mitigating environmental health risks in vulnerable populations.
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