Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 17, 2025

A Treatment Package without Escape Extinction to Address Food Selectivity
Published on: August 21, 2015
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder prognosis and its relation with autism spectrum disorder in Japanese
Chie Tanaka1, Ayumi Okada1, Mana Hanzawa1
1Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Background:
There is a lack of reported clinical factors associated with the outcomes of children and adolescents with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in Japan. This study aimed to identify these clinical factors and explore the relationship between ARFID and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Methods:
This retrospective study analyzed data from 48 Japanese children and adolescents with ARFID who visited Okayama University Hospital between January 2011 and March 2022. Clinical characteristics were assessed using medical records and natural history questionnaires. The study compared patients with good and poor prognosis groups and used multiple logistic regression analysis to determine factors influencing prognosis.
Results:
The study included 33 patients with good prognoses and 15 with poor prognoses. Comorbid ASD was more prevalent in the poor prognosis group (60%) compared to the good prognosis group (21%). Additionally, more than half of the ARFID patients with comorbid ASD were initially undiagnosed. Multivariate analysis revealed that older age at first visit (p = 0.022) and comorbid ASD (p = 0.022) were statistically significant factors associated with poor prognosis in ARFID patients. There were no significant differences in body mass index standard deviation score and maximal weight loss between the two groups.
Conclusions:
The poor prognosis group had a higher prevalence of comorbid ASD diagnoses. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate patient's developmental characteristics early in treatment and consider these characteristics throughout the course of care.
Related Concept Videos
Autism Spectrum Disorder
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Anorexia Nervosa
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
Overview of Protein Metabolism
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
Bulimia Nervosa
Conditioned Taste Aversion
A notable characteristic of conditioned taste aversion is that it often requires only a single...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...

