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Diaphragm neurostimulation in mechanical ventilation: current status and future prospects
Elizabeth C Rohrs1,2, Steven Reynolds1,2, Martin Dres3,4
1Biomedical, Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.
Expert Review of Medical Devices
|May 14, 2025
Summary
Diaphragm neurostimulation, a technique using phrenic nerve electrodes, offers a new approach for critically ill patients. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety for widespread adoption.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Neuromodulation
- Respiratory Physiology
Background:
- Diaphragm neurostimulation involves stimulating phrenic nerves to induce diaphragm contractions.
- Recent advancements in temporary diaphragm neurostimulation devices signal a new era in critical care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the latest technical developments in diaphragm neurostimulation.
- To discuss physiological effects, patient-centered outcomes, and future directions.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of experimental and clinical studies in MEDLINE.
- Inclusion of studies published in English from database inception until October 31, 2024.
Main Results:
- Technical developments in diaphragm neurostimulation are rapidly advancing.
- The technique shows promise for managing complications associated with mechanical ventilation.
Conclusions:
- Diaphragm neurostimulation is an emerging intervention with potential benefits for critically ill patients.
- Large-scale clinical trials are essential to validate efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness for clinical integration.
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