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Updated: May 16, 2025

Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing

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Solid/Liquid/Gas Three-Phase Interface Enzymatic Reaction-Based Lactate Biosensor with Simultaneously High

Lihui Huang¹, Mengli Zeng¹, Yaolan Li¹

¹College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.

|May 14, 2025

Summary

A novel three-phase electrode enhances lactate biosensor performance by increasing oxygen levels, achieving a wider detection range and high sensitivity for improved health monitoring. This technology offers a new approach for advanced lactate sensing systems.

Keywords:

electrochemical biosensor lactate detection oxidase enzymatic kinetics sweat three-phase interface

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Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Biosensors
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Electrochemical lactate biosensors are crucial for health monitoring.
Low oxygen levels in biological fluids limit biosensor sensitivity and detection range.
Existing biosensors struggle with compromised oxidase enzymatic kinetics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an electrochemical lactate biosensor with high sensitivity and a wide linear detection range.
To overcome the limitations of low oxygen levels in biological samples.
To enhance oxidase enzymatic kinetics for improved biosensor performance.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a solid/liquid/gas three-phase enzyme electrode.
Immobilization of H2O2 electrocatalyst and lactate oxidase (LOx) on a superhydrophobic porous carbon substrate.
Utilizing a three-phase system to ensure high oxygen levels in the local reaction zone.

Main Results:

The three-phase lactate biosensor achieved a linear detection upper limit of 40 mM, a 57-fold increase from conventional systems.
High sensitivity of 22.28 μA mM−1 cm−2 was maintained.
A sweat lactate sensing device was successfully fabricated and tested for undiluted sweat during exercise.

Conclusions:

The developed three-phase enzyme electrode significantly enhances oxidase enzymatic kinetics.
This approach provides a high-performance lactate biosensor with both high sensitivity and a wide linear detection range.
The technology offers a promising new strategy for advanced lactate sensing systems in health monitoring.