Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 16, 2025

Temporomandibular Joint Pain Measurement by Bite Force and Von Frey Filament Assays in Mice
Published on: September 13, 2024
Prevalence and Interplay of Hypervigilance and Kinesiophobia in TMD Patients: Implications in Clinical Outcomes
Pedro Miguel Teixeira Carvas Cebola1,2, André Schneider Lourenço1, Alexandre Mangabeira Hoppe1
1Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal.
Background:
Behavioural cognitive factors, like kinesiophobia and coping skills like hypervigilance, may contribute to a worse prognosis of TMD symptoms. However, there is a lack of evidence about the prevalence and relationship of hypervigilance and kinesiophobia with TMD.
Objective:
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associations of hypervigilance and kinesiophobia in TMD.
Methods:
The sample consisted of 233 participants, divided into the TMD group (133) and a control group (100). The following instruments were used: diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD), Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ), and Tampa Scale for kinesiophobia/temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TSK/TMD). Pain pressure threshold (PPT) was measured on the masticatory muscles and the temporomandibular joint. Mandibular movements were assessed with a millimetre ruler. Mann-Whitney U test was used for group comparisons and Spearman's correlation test for association analyses.
Results:
The TMD-group showed higher hypervigilance and kinesiophobia values,and lower PPT and mandibular movement (opening and protrusion) values compared with controls (p < 0.05). Also, a positive moderate correlation between hypervigilance and kinesiophobia (p = 0.000001), a significant negative correlation between hypervigilance and PPT (p = 0.00001) and a significant negative correlation between hypervigilance, kinesiophobia and mandibular movements (p < 0.05) in the TMD-group were found. A positive weak correlation was found just between hypervigilance and kinesiophobia in the control group (p = 0.01).
Conclusion:
TMD patients present high levels of kinesiophobia and hypervigilance, which in turn are correlated and affect TMD symptoms.
More Related Videos
06:28Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation
Published on: December 13, 2024
09:00Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
Published on: October 3, 2020
Related Concept Videos
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Anxiety: Overview
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Preparedness and Phobias
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
Social Anxiety Disorder