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Implantable phakic contact lens: systematic review.

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The Implantable Phakic Contact Lens (IPCL) shows promising visual outcomes and safety, offering a cost-effective alternative to the Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL). Further research is needed for definitive conclusions on its efficacy and repeatability.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Posterior-chamber phakic intra-ocular lenses (pIOLs) are used for refractive error correction.
  • The Implantable Phakic Contact Lens (IPCL) is a newer pIOL option compared to the established Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL).
  • The diffractive IPCL is unique in offering multifocal correction for presbyopia within the posterior chamber.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the visual outcomes and safety profile of the Implantable Phakic Contact Lens (IPCL).
  • To provide comparative data between the IPCL and the Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL).
  • To assess the potential of the diffractive IPCL for presbyopia correction.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar.
  • Data from international conference lectures were also screened for inclusion.
  • Original studies were prioritized, and prospective registration was performed via PROSPERO (ID 546823).

Main Results:

  • The review included 28 articles and two lectures, indicating reliable visual outcomes for IPCL with an efficacy index of 1.06.
  • While post-operative UDVA for IPCL (0.23 logMAR) was worse than ICL (-0.01 logMAR), this was linked to suboptimal pre-operative CDVA (0.29 logMAR).
  • The diffractive IPCL demonstrated good post-operative UDVA (0.06 logMAR) and UNVA (0.04 logMAR) in presbyopic patients with minimal side effects. Safety index was 1.23, with cataract formation in 0.46% and endothelial cell loss of 2.3% at 12 months, comparable to ICL.

Conclusions:

  • The IPCL presents as a promising pIOL with generally good reported outcomes.
  • Interpretation of monofocal IPCL results is limited by pre-operative visual acuity, impacting direct comparison with the ICL.
  • Further research is essential to establish definitive conclusions on the safety, efficacy, and repeatability of both monofocal and diffractive IPCLs.