Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 16, 2025
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment as a Useful Adjunctive Tool for Pneumonia
Published on: May 6, 2014
Interventions to reduce readmissions after pneumonia hospitalization: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Sarah A Phillips1, Julie D Sill1, Rehan Qayyum1
1Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.
Background:
Preventable hospital readmissions, reflecting suboptimal healthcare quality and increased costs, highlight the need for evidence to shape healthcare delivery.
Objectives:
This systematic review assesses interventions to reduce readmissions following pneumonia-related hospitalizations.
Methods:
PubMed, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were searched from inception to May 29, 2024. English language peer-reviewed studies examining interventions to reduce readmissions after pneumonia hospitalization were selected. Two authors independently extracted data, assessed risk of bias, and evaluated certainty of evidence using standardized assessment tools. When possible, study results were pooled using random-effects models.
Results:
Of the 601 articles initially identified, 15 studies met inclusion criteria. Eight interventions were evaluated from eight retrospective cohort studies, five randomized controlled trials, and two pre-post trials. Hospital-based skilled nursing facilities, patient education, early postdischarge follow-up, nutrition supplementation, and a high physician-to-bed ratio were linked to reduced readmissions. Early mobilization also showed a significant reduction in readmissions (pooled odds ratio = 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75, 0.95; p = .005). Hospital participation in Accountable Care Organizations did not affect readmissions, and pharmacist-involved discharge similarly found no significant impact (pooled odds ratio = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.44, 1.01; p = .06). Risk of bias was high across most studies due to inadequate controlling for confounding variables.
Conclusion:
Certainty of evidence was high for early mobilization, low for hospital-based skilled nursing facilities, and very low for pharmacist-involved discharge processes. Small sample size and single-center intervention implementation limited study generalizability. Randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the efficacy of interventions for reducing readmissions after pneumonia hospitalization.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
01:29Acute Respiratory Failure-V
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...