Sex Differences in Telomere Length in a Bat With Female-Biased Longevity

Telomeres, protective caps at the ends of linear chromosomes, are frequently found to shorten with age. Telomere length is commonly measured in wild populations to investigate age-related changes in somatic integrity and is considered a hallmark of ageing. Despite interest, there is no clear picture regarding sex differences in telomere length or rate of attrition across species. Bats are of considerable interest in studies of ageing and telomeres, owing to their remarkable longevity and the absence of age-associated telomere attrition observed in some species. Additionally, multiple bat species show evidence of sex differences in longevity. However, few studies of bat telomeres have included both sexes. We collected DNA from wild-caught males and females of the highly polygynous greater spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus hastatus, in which mortality is strongly male-biased, and measured relative telomere lengths. We found that, while telomeres were shorter in older bats, there was no evidence of shorter telomeres in males. In fact, males tended to have longer telomeres. This runs counter to our prediction of shorter telomeres in the shorter-lived sex but is not completely unexpected in light of other observations, including that of shorter telomeres in longer lived species.