A Global Review of the Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Agricultural Productivity and Farmers' Adaptation Strategies
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Climate change threatens agriculture and food security globally, with Ethiopia and South Asia facing significant crop yield declines. Urgent adaptation strategies are crucial for climate-resilient farming.
Area Of Science
- Agricultural Science
- Climate Science
- Environmental Science
Background
- Climate change, characterized by rising temperatures and extreme weather, significantly impacts global agriculture, particularly in climate-sensitive regions like Ethiopia and South Asia.
- Ethiopia's economy heavily relies on agriculture, making it vulnerable to climate variability, with projected maize yield decreases of 15% by 2050.
- Sub-Saharan Africa faces a 10%-20% staple crop yield decline by 2050, threatening food security and rural economies.
Purpose Of The Study
- To systematically review literature on climate change impacts on agriculture in Ethiopia and comparable regions.
- To identify and analyze climate change adaptation strategies for enhancing agricultural resilience.
- To synthesize current knowledge on climate-induced risks to crop production and food security.
Main Methods
- Systematic literature review of studies published between 2000 and 2024.
- Analysis of climate change impacts on staple crop yields (maize, rice, wheat) in Ethiopia, Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Latin America.
- Examination of regional vulnerabilities, adaptive capacities, and socio-economic factors influencing agricultural outcomes.
Main Results
- Projected crop yield declines range from 10%-25% by mid-century across vulnerable regions due to heat stress, altered precipitation, and extreme weather events.
- Ethiopia's agricultural GDP has seen an estimated 5%-10% decline due to climate-induced crop output reductions.
- Wheat yields in East Africa have declined by up to 25% in some areas due to increased droughts and heatwaves.
Conclusions
- Climate change poses a severe threat to global food security and agricultural economies, necessitating immediate and effective adaptation measures.
- Developing and implementing climate-resilient agricultural practices is critical for mitigating yield losses and supporting vulnerable farming communities.
- International cooperation and policy interventions are essential to address the escalating challenges of climate change in agriculture.
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