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Updated: May 16, 2025

Determination of Self-Incompatibility and Inter-Incompatibility Relationships in Citrus Using Manual Pollination, Microscopy, and S-Genotype Analyses
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Gene expression and pollen performance indicate altered postmating selection between Solanum species with different

Timothy J Biewer-Heisler1, Matthew J S Gibson1, Emily Sornay1

  • 1Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E 3rd St Room 325, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)
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Summary

Mating system transitions impact postmating prezygotic traits. Selfing species like Solanum lycopersicum show narrower gene expression for pollen tube growth compared to outcrossing Solanum pennellii.

Keywords:
Solanumcryptic female choicegene expressionmating systempollen tube growth ratepollen–pistil interactionspostmating prezygoticselection

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Area of Science:

  • Plant reproductive biology
  • Evolutionary genetics
  • Sexual selection

Background:

  • Postmating prezygotic (PMPZ) traits are crucial for mating success, particularly in species with competing gametes.
  • Understanding how mating system shifts influence PMPZ traits and specific genetic loci remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in pollen PMPZ traits and gene expression between the selfing Solanum lycopersicum and outcrossing Solanum pennellii.
  • To examine the roles of pectin methylesterases (PMEs) and their inhibitors (PMEIs) in pollen tube growth.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of tissue-specific gene expression (leaf, pollen, style) in S. lycopersicum and S. pennellii.
  • Measurement of in-vitro and in-vivo pollen tube growth rates.
  • Focus on loci involved in pollen tube elongation, including PMEs and PMEIs.

Main Results:

  • Pollen-biased gene expression domains were narrower in selfing S. lycopersicum than in outcrossing S. pennellii.
  • Most reproductive PMEs and PMEIs showed restricted expression domains in S. lycopersicum.
  • S. pennellii exhibited faster in-vivo pollen tube growth, while S. lycopersicum showed faster in-vitro growth.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced expression of pollen tube development genes in S. lycopersicum styles correlates with slower in-vivo pollen performance.
  • This suggests relaxed selection on cryptic female choice in selfing species, leading to altered allocation in stylar mechanisms modulating pollen tube growth.