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Motivational-interviewing-informed interventions for problem gambling and gambling disorder: A systematic review and
David P Forman1, Joseph R Boughter2, Nicholas W McAfee3
1Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico.
Summary
This review found limited evidence for motivational interviewing (MI) integrity in gambling studies. MI-informed interventions showed minimal impact on gambling behavior and symptom severity, suggesting previous analyses may have overestimated effects.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Motivational interviewing (MI) is a counseling approach used to help individuals change behaviors.
- Problem gambling and gambling disorder are significant public health concerns requiring effective interventions.
- Assessing the integrity and efficacy of MI in clinical trials is crucial for evidence-based practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the integrity of motivational interviewing (MI) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- To conduct a meta-analysis on the effect of MI-informed interventions versus control conditions on gambling behavior and symptom severity.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of published and unpublished RCTs across five databases.
- Inclusion criteria: studies randomizing participants to MI-informed or control conditions.
- Random-effects meta-analysis of Hedges's g effect sizes at posttreatment and follow-up.
Main Results:
- Seven studies (796 participants) were identified; MI interventions lacked clear descriptions and did not meet MI integrity criteria.
- Outcomes for gambling frequency, expenditure, and symptom severity were nearly equivalent between MI-informed and control groups at posttreatment and follow-up.
- Effect sizes for all outcomes were close to zero at both posttreatment and follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Limited knowledge exists regarding MI integrity and efficacy for problem gambling.
- Previous meta-analyses may have overestimated the isolated effects of MI-informed interventions.
- Future research needs objective fidelity monitoring and designs isolating MI's effect on gambling outcomes.
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