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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2025

In vitro Modeling for Neurological Diseases using Direct Conversion from Fibroblasts to Neuronal Progenitor Cells and Differentiation into Astrocytes

In vitro Modeling for Neurological Diseases using Direct Conversion from Fibroblasts to Neuronal Progenitor Cells and Differentiation into Astrocytes

Published on: June 10, 2021

Delivery Systems in Neuronal Direct Cell Reprogramming.

Giulia Redi¹, Filomena Del Piano¹, Sara Cappellini²

¹Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy.

Cellular Reprogramming

|May 15, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Directly reprogramming somatic cells into neurons using transcription factors (TFs) shows therapeutic promise. Optimizing TF delivery methods is key for safe and effective induced neuronal cell therapies.

Keywords:

adeno-associated virus cell reprogramming delivery systems lentivirus neurodegenerative diseases nonviral delivery

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Derivation of Adult Human Fibroblasts and their Direct Conversion into Expandable Neural Progenitor Cells

Derivation of Adult Human Fibroblasts and their Direct Conversion into Expandable Neural Progenitor Cells

Published on: July 29, 2015

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Last Updated: May 17, 2025

In vitro Modeling for Neurological Diseases using Direct Conversion from Fibroblasts to Neuronal Progenitor Cells and Differentiation into Astrocytes

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Published on: June 10, 2021

In Vivo Direct Reprogramming of Resident Glial Cells into Interneurons by Intracerebral Injection of Viral Vectors

In Vivo Direct Reprogramming of Resident Glial Cells into Interneurons by Intracerebral Injection of Viral Vectors

Published on: June 17, 2019

Derivation of Adult Human Fibroblasts and their Direct Conversion into Expandable Neural Progenitor Cells

Derivation of Adult Human Fibroblasts and their Direct Conversion into Expandable Neural Progenitor Cells

Published on: July 29, 2015

Area of Science:

Stem Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Gene Therapy

Background:

Direct cell reprogramming converts somatic cells to neurons using transcription factors (TFs).
Induced neuronal cells offer potential for research and cell replacement therapy.
Efficient and safe TF delivery is essential for clinical translation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current TF delivery technologies for neuronal direct cell reprogramming.
To analyze the limitations and advantages of existing delivery systems.
To explore emerging technologies for improved safety and efficacy.

Main Methods:

Review of literature on viral and nonviral delivery systems for TF expression.
Analysis of reprogramming efficiency and safety profiles of different methods.
Discussion of current challenges and future directions in delivery technology.

Main Results:

Integrating viral systems (e.g., lentiviruses) offer high transgene expression but pose safety risks (mutagenesis, inflammation).
Nonviral delivery systems are safer but generally show lower reprogramming efficiency.
No single delivery method currently meets all safety and efficacy requirements.

Conclusions:

Optimizing TF delivery is critical for advancing neuronal reprogramming towards clinical applications.
Safer, efficient delivery systems are needed to overcome current limitations.
Emerging technologies hold promise for achieving safe and effective neuronal direct cell reprogramming.