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Related Concept Videos

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Updated: May 17, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Molecular Biomarker Testing for Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
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Prognostic and predictive effects of TP53 co-mutation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with rare treatable

Jamie Feng1, Katrina Hueniken2, Zhen Jason Fan1

  • 1Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (PMCC), University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Lung Cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|May 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

TP53 mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) predict poor response to targeted therapies and are associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). This impacts treatment decisions for NSCLC patients with rare driver mutations.

Keywords:
BiomarkerBrain metastasesNSCLCTP53Targeted molecular therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • TP53 mutations (TP53-MUT) are prevalent in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  • TP53-MUT is linked to poor outcomes and treatment response in EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
  • The role of TP53-MUT in NSCLC with rarer driver mutations is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of TP53 mutations on treatment response and survival in NSCLC patients with rarer driver mutations.
  • To analyze associations between TP53 status, demographics, and clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 436 NSCLC patient records.
  • Analysis of TP53 mutation status, demographics, overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and brain metastasis (BM) incidence.
  • Comparison of outcomes based on TP53 mutation status (mutated vs. wild-type).

Main Results:

  • TP53 mutations were identified in 42.4% of patients.
  • TP53-MUT was significantly associated with shorter OS (23.3 vs. 66.4 months) and PFS (5.0 vs. 10.0 months) on first-line therapy.
  • Patients with TP53-MUT showed a higher incidence of progressive disease as best response (24% vs. 11%) and a trend towards more brain metastases (46% vs. 34%).

Conclusions:

  • Co-occurring TP53 variants with rare driver mutations in NSCLC predict poor response to targeted treatments.
  • TP53 mutations are associated with significantly shorter OS and PFS in NSCLC patients.
  • These findings highlight the prognostic and predictive value of TP53 status in NSCLC beyond EGFR mutations.