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Updated: May 17, 2025
Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells
Published on: May 4, 2018
Increasing Serum Vitamin D Levels Reduces Gingival Crevicular Fluid Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Levels in Periodontal
Vusal Gurbanov1, Ayla Öztürk1,2, Fatma Doğruel3
1Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye.
Aims:
To investigate whether restoring serum vitamin D levels in a population requiring supplementation affects matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of individuals with periodontal health, gingivitis and periodontitis.
Materials And Methods:
This prospective cohort study enrolled 101 participants with vitamin D deficiency, including those with periodontitis (34) and gingivitis (34) and healthy individuals (33). The periodontal status was evaluated using radiographic and clinical assessments of probing depth, clinical attachment loss, gingival index and plaque index. The analysis of MMP-9 levels in the GCF collected from the same dental sites was performed at baseline and 1 month post supplementation.
Results:
After 1 month of vitamin D supplementation, a significant decrease in GCF MMP-9 levels was observed across all groups, with the most notable reduction observed in the periodontitis group. The healthy group exhibited the highest percentage reduction at 47%. Linear regression analysis confirmed that changes in vitamin D levels and pocket depth influenced MMP-9 alterations in the GCF.
Conclusions:
Restoration of vitamin D levels in vitamin D-deficient patients to the recommended average level (30 ng/mL), according to established guidelines, led to decreased MMP-9 levels in individuals with different periodontal statuses (healthy, gingivitis or periodontitis), potentially mitigating periodontal risks.
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