The Effect of Different Chelating Agents in Different Application Times on the Release of Growth Factors from Dentin

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), etidronic acid (HEBP), boric acid (BA), or saline at different application times on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and insulin-like factor-1 (IGF-1) release levels from inner root dentin.

Seventy-five root segments, obtained from extracted fully developed premolar human teeth, were standardized to 8 mm long and prepared with Gates Glidden burs number 1-4 for simulating an open apex. The samples were irrigated with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite and then divided into 4 main groups according to chelation agents (17% EDTA, 9% HEBP, 6% BA, or saline) and 3 subgroups according to application times. TGF-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and IGF-1 release levels were measured on the 1st and 7th days by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The final concentrations were calculated based on the root canal volume measured by cone-beam computed tomography. Data were compared using a one-way analysis of variance, the Tukey test, Kruskal Wallis, and Wilcoxon test.

In all growth factors (GFs), the EDTA group had a statistically significantly higher release than the saline group (P < .001). Increasing EDTA application time did not affect statistically significant GFs release (P >.05). All GFs were released more on the 7th than the 1st day.

The release levels of GFs vary according to the type of chelating agent and application time. BA in the release of IGF-1 and HEBP in the release of TGF-β1 were as effective as EDTA at all application times.