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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2025

Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV

Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV

Published on: March 5, 2022

Resolving sequencing-based HIV-1 epitranscriptomics.

Michael S Bosmeny¹, Joao I Mamede², Keith T Gagnon¹

¹Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University, School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.

|May 16, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding HIV-1 RNA chemical modifications (HIV-1 epitranscriptomics) is crucial but challenging. Nanopore direct RNA sequencing offers a standardized approach for better HIV-1 epitranscriptome resolution.

Keywords:

HIV-1 RNA modification epitranscriptomics nanopore sequencing

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Determining 3'-Termini and Sequences of Nascent Single-Stranded Viral DNA Molecules during HIV-1 Reverse Transcription in Infected Cells

Published on: January 30, 2019

Area of Science:

Virology
Molecular Biology
Epigenetics

Background:

HIV-1 epitranscriptomics, the study of RNA chemical modifications in HIV-1, is not fully understood.
Diverse methods and data complicate a unified view of the HIV-1 epitranscriptome.
Key modifications include N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A), 5-methylcytosine (m⁵C), pseudouridine (Ψ), 2´-O-methylation (N_m), and N⁴-acetylcytidine (ac⁴C).

Purpose of the Study:

To review current methods for identifying and interpreting HIV-1 RNA modifications.
To highlight challenges in resolving the HIV-1 epitranscriptome.
To recommend a standardized sequencing strategy for future research.

Main Methods:

Review of antibody-based selection methods.
Review of chemical-treatment-based selection methods.
Evaluation of nanopore direct RNA sequencing for modification detection.

Main Results:

Existing methods for HIV-1 epitranscriptome analysis vary widely.
Nanopore direct RNA sequencing shows promise for accurate modification detection.
Standardization is needed for cross-study comparisons.

Conclusions:

A consensus view of the HIV-1 epitranscriptome requires standardized methodologies.
Nanopore direct RNA sequencing is recommended as a standardized strategy.
Adopting this method will improve benchmarking and resolve HIV-1 epitranscriptomics.