Mid-ventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with apical aneurysm: a multimodality imaging case report

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Cardiovascular Imaging
• Genetics

Background:

• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary myocardial disease.
• Mid-ventricular HCM is a rare variant characterized by hypertrophy predominantly in the mid-ventricle.
• Apical aneurysms can be a presenting feature of mid-ventricular HCM.

Observation:

• A 41-year-old male presented with exertional dyspnea and syncope.
• Multimodality imaging, including echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance, revealed mid-ventricular hypertrophy.
• An apical aneurysm was identified in conjunction with the ventricular hypertrophy.

Findings:

• The imaging findings confirmed the diagnosis of mid-ventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with apical aneurysm.
• This specific subtype of HCM is associated with a heightened risk of adverse cardiac events.
• Potential complications include heart failure, thromboembolic events, cardiac arrest, and sudden cardiac death.

Implications:

• Early recognition and diagnosis of mid-ventricular HCM with apical aneurysm are crucial.
• Risk stratification and appropriate management, such as ICD implantation, are vital for preventing sudden cardiac death.
• Further research into the pathophysiology and long-term outcomes of this rare condition is warranted.