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Related Concept Videos

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway

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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
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Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2025

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices
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Excess Wnt in neurological disease.

Danielle M Pascual1,2, Delaram Jebreili Rizi1,2, Harsimran Kaur1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

The Biochemical Journal
|May 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Wnt signaling, crucial for development, is increasingly implicated in brain disorders. This review highlights evidence of Wnt pathway overactivation in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting therapeutic inhibition.

Keywords:
Wnt proteinsbeta-cateninneurodegenerationneurodevelopmentneurodevelopmental disordersneurological disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Wnt pathways are essential conserved signaling cascades in multicellular organisms.
  • While Wnt signaling's role in neural development is established, its function in the mature nervous system remains less understood.
  • Dysregulation of Wnt components is linked to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, indicating a need for precise regulation in the adult brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and consolidate evidence for the up-regulation of Wnt transcription and signaling in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.
  • To briefly discuss the role of deregulated Wnt signaling in cancer.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of Wnt pathway inhibition in the nervous system.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing genetic and molecular evidence.
  • Analysis of studies implicating Wnt pathway components in neurological conditions.
  • Discussion of therapeutic strategies targeting Wnt signaling.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests that Wnt pathway overactivation, not just down-regulation, is associated with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.
  • Deregulation of Wnt signaling also plays a role in various cancers.
  • Wnt inhibition presents a potential therapeutic avenue for nervous system disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Fine-tuned Wnt signaling is critical for nervous system homeostasis.
  • Up-regulated Wnt pathways are implicated in neurological diseases, contrary to previous focus on down-regulation.
  • Targeting Wnt signaling offers promising therapeutic prospects for treating brain disorders.