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Utilizing the Mn(II) Dissolution-Induced Vacancy for Optimum Mg2+ Storage of Spinel Mn3O4
Zhongyu Pan1, Zhou Jiang1, Tingting Qin2
1Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Electron Microscopy Center, International Center of Future Science, Changbaishan Laboratory, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
Abstract:
Manganese-based oxide can theoretically exert the multivalent advantages of an aqueous magnesium-ion cathode due to its redox activity and abundant crystal structure. However, sluggish diffusion kinetics of Mg2+ and Mn dissolution limit the rate performance and structure stability. Herein, we successfully utilize the notorious dissolution of Mn(II) tetrahedral site contributed vacancies for packaging optimum Mg2+ storage of a popular spinel Mn3O4 electrode. Such mechanism reverses the sluggish diffusion kinetics. Moreover, merited by the common ion effect and drug dissolution, a suitable preaddition of Mn2+ to electrolyte inhibit Mn(III) dissolution and optimize the integrity of the spinel framework. Impressively, the cathode achieves a reversible capacity of 310 mAh g-1 and a stable cycle performance of 2000 cycles with 94.9% retention. Our research shows that reversible insertion/extraction at vacancies and effective stabilization of spinel framework is a powerful strategy to achieve Mg2+ ion energy storage system with high rate performance and long lifespan.
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