Unusual greenish tissue discoloration in fatal aluminium phosphide poisoning: clinical and forensic perspectives

Aluminum phosphide poisoning poses significant challenges both in clinical and forensic settings due to its high fatality rate and diverse clinical manifestations. While the clinical symptoms of aluminum phosphide toxicity are well-documented, certain autopsy findings, particularly a rare greenish discoloration of organs, remain poorly understood.

A prospective observational study was conducted over an eight-month period to analyze the occurrence of unusual green discoloration of tissues during autopsies in aluminum phosphide poisoning cases. This study aimed to document the frequency, distribution, and potential mechanisms behind this rare phenomenon, providing insights into its clinical and forensic implications.

A total of 110 suspected poisoning cases were examined, of which 47 were confirmed as aluminum phosphide poisonings. Among these, three cases demonstrated gradual greenish discoloration of organs such as the heart, stomach, brain, and kidneys. Despite the presence of this unique discoloration, histopathological examination revealed no microscopic pigmentation or histological anomalies. The discoloration varied in terms of the organs involved, intensity, and the speed of onset, presenting distinct patterns across the cases.

The etiology of this discoloration remains unknown, suggesting that biochemical or metabolic processes might play a role. This rare phenomenon underscores the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, and highlights the importance of documenting such observations in forensic reports.