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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

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Complementary Fluorescent Probe Pair Targeting Histidinol Dehydrogenase Provides a Useful Tool for Target Validation.

Wu-Yingzheng Guo1, Yi-Xuan Fu1, Stephen Smith2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.

Analytical Chemistry
|May 16, 2025
PubMed
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Developing new pesticides targeting histidinol dehydrogenase (HDH) is challenging. Novel fluorescent probes HDP1 and HDP2 reveal that HDH inhibitors compete with natural substrates and that stress affects histidine biosynthesis, complicating pesticide development.

Area of Science:

  • Agrochemical research
  • Molecular biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Target-based pesticide design requires validation of novel candidate targets.
  • Fluorescent probes are essential for studying molecular interactions and target functionality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and utilize a fluorescent probe pair (HDP1 and HDP2) to assess the agrochemical potential of targeting histidinol dehydrogenase (HDH).
  • To investigate the interactions between HDH, its natural substrate (HOL), and inhibitors.
  • To visualize HDH activity and histidine biosynthesis pathway flux in vivo under various stress conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a complementary fluorescent probe pair, HDP1 and HDP2.
  • Using HDP1 to probe inhibitor and substrate interactions with HDH.

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  • Employing HDP2 for in vivo imaging of HDH in Arabidopsis thaliana, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • Analyzing changes in histidine biosynthesis pathway flux under stress and pesticide treatment.
  • Main Results:

    • HDP1 demonstrated high sensitivity for detecting HDH interactions (0.17 microg/mL detection limit).
    • HDP2 provided excellent in vivo imaging of HDH.
    • HOL, the natural substrate, competitively binds to HDH, similar to HDH inhibitors.
    • HDH inhibitors, other pesticides, and abiotic stresses impact histidine biosynthesis across different organisms.
    • Stresses affect histidine biosynthesis via pentose phosphate pathway regulation and ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase expression inhibition.

    Conclusions:

    • Developing effective in vivo HDH inhibitors that compete with HOL remains a significant challenge.
    • The histidine biosynthesis pathway's sensitivity to various stresses complicates HDH-targeted pesticide development.
    • Environmental and cellular stresses can modulate the effectiveness of synthetic ligands targeting HDH.