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Initial validity and reliability testing of the SGBA-5.

Andrew Putman1, Adam Cole1, Shilpa Dogra1

  • 1Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada.

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The Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis Tool - 5 item (SGBA-5) is a reliable new measurement for health research. While the biological sex item is valid, further research is needed for gendered health items.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Sciences
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Sex and gender significantly impact health outcomes through distinct biological and sociocultural mechanisms.
  • Existing Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis (SGBA) methods lack accessible, nuanced measurement tools for health research.
  • The Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis Tool - 5 item (SGBA-5) was developed to address this measurement gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the validity and reliability of the SGBA-5.
  • To assess the SGBA-5's suitability for health sciences research where sex or gender are not primary study variables.

Main Methods:

  • A Delphi consensus study involving 14 Canadian researchers assessed item validity using a 5-point Likert scale.
  • Consensus was defined as 75% of experts rating an item 4 or 5.
  • Reliability was tested using a two-arm test-retest approach with university students (n=89) and older adults (n=71).

Main Results:

  • The Delphi study achieved consensus on the validity of the SGBA-5's biological sex item (93%).
  • Consensus was not reached on the validity of gendered health items (identity, expression, roles, relations), with agreement ranging from 50% to 64%.
  • Test-retest results confirmed all SGBA-5 items demonstrated high reliability in both student and older adult groups.

Conclusions:

  • The SGBA-5 is a reliable tool for health research, with confirmed validity for its biological sex item.
  • The gendered health items show potential validity, warranting further investigation.
  • The SGBA-5 can be further developed as a valuable instrument for incorporating sex and gender considerations in health research.