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Components to include in a program to facilitate the transition of novice nurses in emergency departments: A
Kapari Mashao1, Celia Filmalter1, Tanya Heyns1
1Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Aim:
To explore the insights of stakeholders regarding the components that should be included in a program to facilitate the transition of novice nurses in emergency departments.
Background:
Novice nurses working in emergency departments are routinely confronted with substantial workloads, recurrent traumatic events, interpersonal conflicts and psychosocial challenges. These nurses need specific knowledge, skills and attitudes to function optimally. Inadequate support can hinder the clinical progression and potential assimilation of novice nurses into emergency departments, having a negative impact on transition outcomes. Over time, inadequately supported novice nurses may experience emotional and mental pressures, leading to occupational stress, decreased job satisfaction and increased nurse turnover.
Design:
Descriptive qualitative study.
Methods:
We recruited participants from the emergency departments of three selected public hospitals in the Tshwane Central Health District, South Africa. The participants were selected via purposive, maximum variation and snowballing sampling using the following inclusion criteria: 1) trained emergency nurses, including managers, clinical facilitators and nurses providing direct patient care; and 2) had at least six months of working experience after obtaining a specialty qualification in emergency nursing. Twelve participants (n = 12) participated in the study. Data were collected via the World Café method and analyzed thematically.
Results:
The participants identified five components for inclusion in a program, namely, support systems, orientation, competencies, knowledge resources and reflective practice.
Conclusion:
Novice nurses working in emergency departments need a comprehensive, formal program for successful transition. When adequately supported, novice nurses may develop positive perceptions of their working environment, increasing job satisfaction and retention.
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